Single - layer model is convenient to apply but the unclear relationship between radiative and aerodynamic temperatures is still a bottleneck in this field . a new method was developed to derive reliable surface heat fluxes from radiative temperature viewed from arbitrary zenith angle . aerodynamic and radiative temperatures are connected through a so - called optimum component fraction ( ocf ) parameter - the fraction of vegetation in the field of view when the two temperatures are equivalent in oblique viewing 該方法利用表面熱輻射方向性和顯熱通量都是源于土壤和植被溫度的貢獻這一共同點,發(fā)現(xiàn)在一定傾斜角度的觀測下,視場中植被與土壤的比例可以較好地反映植被和土壤與大氣進行湍流熱交換的貢獻率,所以稱該方法為最佳組分面積比法,用最佳組分面積比可以將任意角度下觀測到的輻射溫度訂正為空氣動力學(xué)溫度,經(jīng)過地面和遙感數(shù)據(jù)驗證表明,用該方法計算的通量精度高于普通的單層模型。
In this paper , the solar and land - atmosphere radiation rates are calculated by modtran3 model and satellite observation as well as surface data , solar direct irradiance infrared irradiance solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate were calculated from 43 samples of sunshine day and 5 samples of cloudy day 3 samples of rainy day of different latitudes in 12 stations . the paper analyzed solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate in sunshine day , the factors such as zenith angle , water vapor and latitude were found out correlating with solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate . solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate change on the same day and at the same station 在對晴空大氣的計算中,本文對太陽的直接輻射與地氣系統(tǒng)的紅外輻射狀況進行了分析,并討論在不同的大氣狀況下太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率的情況,找出與太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率變化相關(guān)較大的因子?太陽天頂角和水汽條件、緯度;本文還進一步分析了不同緯度樣本的太陽加熱率與紅外冷卻率日變化及有云、有雨情況下太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率的變化情況:另外,文中通過改變二氧化碳在大氣中含量的方法,討論了它對太陽加熱率與紅外冷卻率的影響。
A two stream model has been used to calculate the variation of optical depth and their effects to ultraviolet radiation of each extinction material . with the model , the relation among season , solar zenith angle and ultraviolet radiation has been discussed , and the variation of ultraviolet radiation under different clouds has also been studied . the comparative research of ultraviolet radiation among kunming , beijing and other abroad area at the same latitude has also been done 在已建立的計算昆明紫外輻射兩流模式改進的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步計算并討論了: 1各種消光物質(zhì)的光學(xué)厚度變化規(guī)律及其對紫外輻射的影響2季節(jié)變化及太陽天頂角變化與紫外輻射的關(guān)系3不同云的光學(xué)厚度下紫外輻射的變化4昆明與北京兩地模式計算結(jié)果比較,以及與國外相近緯度觀測結(jié)果進行了比較。